References and web links included in TreeCropper Issue 83. Includes list of cultivars held by Plant and Food Research Repository.
Apples to prevent cancer, by Mark Christensen
(1) Eberhardt, M. V.; Lee, C. Y.; Liu, R. H.; Nutrition: Antioxidant activity of fresh apples.
Nature 2000 June 22; 405(6789):903-4
(2) Knekt, P.; Kumpulainen, J.; Jarvinen, R.; Rissanen, H.; Heliovaara, M.; Reunanen, A.; Hakulinen, T.; Aromaa, A. Flavonoid intake and risk of chronic diseases. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2002, 76, 560-568.
(3) Tsao, R.; Yang, R.; Young, J. C.; Zhu, H. Polyphenolic profiles in eight apple cultivars using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 2003, 51, 6347-6353.
(4) McGhie, T.; Hunt, M.; Barnett, L. E.; Cultivar and growing region determine the antioxidant polyphenolic concentration and composition of apples grown in New Zealand.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (Impact Factor: 3.11). 05/2005; 53(8):3065-70.
(5) Gossé, F.; Guyot, S.; Roussi, S.; Lobstein, A.; Fischer, B.; Seiler, N.; Raul, F.; Chemopreventive properties of apple procyanidins on human colon cancer derived metastatic SW620 cells and in a rat model of colon carcinogenesis.
Carcinogenesis July 2005, 26 (7):1291-1295.
(6) Mark Christensen’s website: Heritagefoodcrops.org.nz/montys-surprise
Page 22: Germplasm collection
List of cultivars held by Plant and Food Research Repository: [expand title=”Click to expand/hide list”]
| Named Cultivars |
| Abas |
| Abbondanza |
| Adams Pearmain |
| Admiral |
| Akane |
| Albany Beauty |
| Alexander |
| Alice |
| Alfriston |
| Alkmene |
| Allen’s Everlasting |
| All Red Gravenstein |
| Alma |
| Alma Pippin |
| Altlander Pfannkuchenapfel |
| Ames 512 |
| Annie Elizabeth |
| Antonovka |
| Antonovka Zheltaia |
| AO1(Golden Hornet) |
| Api rose |
| Apple #4 Nebuta |
| Astrachan |
| Ballarat seedling |
| Ballerina |
| Beautiful Arcade |
| Beauty of Bath |
| Beauty of Kent |
| Bedford Crab |
| Belle Bonne |
| Belle de Boskoop |
| Benoni |
| Biesterfelder Renette |
| Bismarck |
| Bisquet cider |
| Black Prince |
| Black Twig |
| Blakeway |
| Blenheim Orange |
| Blushing Golden |
| Bonza |
| Bordes Cider |
| Borsdorf Kitajka |
| Boskoop Rouge |
| Bozena Nemcova |
| Brabantse Bellefleur |
| Braeburn |
| Bramley seedling |
| Bravo de Esmolfe |
| Brighton |
| Calville Blanc d’Hiver |
| Cambridge Pippin |
| Camoesa de Llobregat |
| Captain Kidd Kay |
| Captain Kidd Osborne |
| Casa Nova de Alcobaca |
| Catshead |
| Charden |
| Charles Ross |
| Charlotte |
| Chieftan |
| C’Huero Ru Bien cider |
| Cloden |
| Close |
| Colonel Vaughan |
| Connell Red |
| Coop 21 Dayton |
| Cornish Aromatic |
| Cortland |
| Count Oratia |
| Court Pendu Plat |
| Cox’s Orange Pippin ELMA 2 |
| Crawley Beauty |
| Criterion |
| Crofton |
| Dawn |
| de l’Estre |
| Delblush |
| Delflogo |
| Democrat |
| Devonshire Quarrenden |
| Dietrecht |
| Discovery |
| Double Red Wealthy |
| Duke of Clarence |
| Dulmener Rosenapfel |
| Early Golden Hawaii |
| Early Strawberry |
| Egremont Russet |
| Ein Shemer |
| Eklinville |
| Eliza Ratke? |
| Ellison’s Orange |
| Elstar |
| Emperor Alexander? |
| Empire |
| Engelsche Bellefleur |
| Ernst Bosch |
| Erwin Baur |
| Esopus Spitzenberg |
| Estere |
| Eve |
| Fairbelle |
| Falstaff |
| FAW 3574 |
| FAW 3936 |
| Fenian |
| Fiesta |
| Finkenwerder Prinz |
| Fleuritard Rouge |
| Florentina |
| Flower of Kent |
| Fraasove Letni |
| Franc Roseau |
| Franklin |
| Freiherr von Berlepsch |
| French Crab |
| Freyberg |
| Fuji 1-1 |
| Gala |
| Garnet |
| Geeveston Fanny |
| Geheimrat Breuhahn |
| Geheimrat Oldenburg |
| Gene Pitney |
| George Carpenter |
| George Neale |
| Gewurzluikenapfel |
| Glockenapfel Eckter |
| Gloire de Ponchartrain cider |
| Gloria Mundy |
| Glory of England |
| Gloster (69?) |
| Gold Strike |
| Golden Delicious |
| Golden Harvest |
| Golden Hornet |
| Golden Pippin |
| Golden Russet |
| Goldjon |
| Goro |
| Granny Smith |
| Granny Smith 77/121 |
| Green Square |
| Grenadier |
| Grimes Golden |
| Guldborg |
| Hajkovo Muskatove |
| Hanawai |
| Harmonie |
| Harrold Red 76/13 |
| Hawkes Bay Red |
| Hawthornden |
| Hetlina |
| Hi Early Red |
| Hladikovo Preuradne |
| Hokuto |
| Hollanburg |
| Hollandbury |
| Holly |
| Horei |
| Idagold |
| Idared |
| Ikorokavka Alaja |
| Ingrid Marie |
| Irish Peach |
| Ivory Double Vigour |
| Jacques Lebel |
| Jamba |
| Jap2135b |
| Jaroslav Nemec |
| Jersey Mac |
| Jersey Red |
| Jesen Kicka Reneta |
| Jonalicious |
| Jonathon |
| Jongrimes |
| Joybells |
| Julyred |
| Jupp’s Russet |
| Kalterer Bohmerapfel |
| Karmijn de Sonnaville |
| Karol |
| Kataika Zolotaia Rannoya |
| Katja |
| Kempston |
| Kent |
| Kentish Fillbasket |
| Keswick Codlin |
| Kidd’s 28 |
| Kidd’s Orange |
| King David |
| Kingston Black cider |
| Kinrei |
| Kitaika |
| Kitaitka Zolotaia Rannoya |
| Korei |
| Kosikove |
| Kougetsu |
| Krugers Dickstiel |
| Kyokko |
| Lady Hamilton |
| Lady Sudeley |
| Lady Williams |
| Lakeland |
| Lawfam |
| Laws Red |
| Laxton’s Epicure |
| Laxton’s Favourite |
| Laxton’s Superb |
| Laxton’s Triumph |
| Lemon Apple (Lemoen Appel) |
| Liberty |
| Linda da Insua |
| Lobo |
| Lodi |
| London Pippin |
| Lord Derby |
| Lord Lambourne |
| Lord Suffield/Suffolk |
| Lord Wolseley |
| Lundbytorp |
| Madgeburski Pozdni |
| Maggie Grieve |
| Maigold |
| Malinove hornokrajske |
| Manchurian Crab |
| Martini |
| Mayflower |
| Melrose |
| Merton Russet |
| Mettias |
| Misen Jaromerska Cervana |
| Mollies Delicious |
| Monarch |
| Monroe |
| Monroe’s Favourite |
| Monty’s Surprise |
| Mother |
| Mother in Law Cider |
| Mr Fitch |
| Mr Gladstone |
| Mutsu? |
| Nancy’s Favourite |
| Nebuta |
| Newtown Pippin |
| Niagara |
| Nick a Jack |
| Nittany |
| Nonetit Bastard |
| Nonpareil |
| Northern Spy |
| OA2 (Glen Douglas) |
| Odin |
| Opalescent |
| Orange de Sonnaville |
| Oregon Red |
| Orin |
| Oriole |
| Orleans Reinette |
| Orn 2 (Telemon X Snowbright) |
| Orn1 |
| Owen Thomas |
| Panenske |
| Paulared |
| Peasgood’s Nonsuch |
| Pfirsichrother Sommerapfel |
| Pourella |
| Prince Alfred |
| Priscilla |
| Puncove |
| PX 446 |
| PX3763 |
| Queen Cox Elmai |
| Queen Mary |
| Rae Ime |
| Rainha |
| Ralls Janet |
| Raritan |
| Red Astrachan |
| Red Baron |
| Red Chief p33p12 |
| Red Delicious (Starkspur Supreme) |
| Red Delicious BM62 |
| Red Dougherty 78/140 |
| Red Ensign |
| Red Haroldson 82/33 |
| Red Melba |
| Red Sekaiichi |
| Red Torle |
| Red Tsugaru 23 |
| Redford |
| Redgold |
| Redwell |
| Reinette Baumann |
| Reinette de Caux |
| Reinette de France |
| Reinette de Thorn |
| Reinette du Canada |
| Reinette Marbree d’Auvergne |
| Reinette Simirenko |
| Rheinischer Krummstiel |
| Rhode Island Greening |
| Ribston Pippin |
| Richared |
| Robusta 5 |
Roja de Valle de Benejama |
| Rokewood |
| Romanite |
| Rome Beauty |
| Rosa du Perche cider |
| Rosamund (James Grieve) |
| Roter Eiserapfel |
| Royal Gala |
| Royal Gala Ten Hove |
| Royal Jubilee |
| Royal Wilding |
| Russet #1 |
| Rymers |
| Saint Magdalen |
| Salome |
| Saturn |
| Scarlet Nonpareil |
| Scarlet Pearmain |
| Scarlet Pimpernel |
| Scarlet Spur |
| Shafran Kitajka |
| Shamrock |
| Sheppard Perfection |
| Shizuka |
| Shortland Queen |
| Sidero 3 |
| Simpkins seedling |
| Sinta |
| Sintax Alkmene |
| Sirprize |
| Snowbright |
| Spartan |
| Spivey |
| Splendour |
| Springdale |
| Springrove Codlin |
| Stark Blush Golden |
| Starkrimson |
| Starkspur Rhode Is |
| Stateman |
| Stayman’s Winesap |
| Stemphered Pippin |
| Sturmer |
| Sumatovka |
| Summerland |
| Sunglo |
| Sunset |
| Suntan |
| Sweet Alford Cider |
| Takahara |
| Tayeshnoe |
| Telstar |
| The Doctor |
| The Queen |
| Torn Pippin |
| Torstein |
| Tower of Glamis |
| Toyo |
| Transparente de Croncels |
| Twenty Ounce |
| Tydeman’s Early Worcester |
| Tydeman’s Late Orange |
| Uster Gorria cider |
| Vidovaca |
| Vista Bella 82/21 |
| Warden Glory Crab |
| Warner’s King |
| Washington |
| William Anderson |
| William Crump |
| Willie Sharp |
| Wilmont Russet |
| Winston |
| Winter Banana |
| Winter Majetin? |
| Woolbrook Pippin |
| X3183 (Baujade) |
| Yellow Bellflower |
| Yoko |
| Species |
| M. aldenhamii |
| M. asiatica |
| M. baccata Gracilis |
| M. bedford crab |
| M. dolgo? |
| M. halliana Spontanea |
| M. ioensis Flora-plena |
| M. Jack Humm |
| M. kaido (asiatica hybrid) |
| M. micromalus |
| M. niedzwetzkyana Gracilis |
| M. oekonomierat Echtermeyer |
| M. pumila niedzwetzkyana hybrid |
| M. sikkimensis |
| M. soulardii |
| M. sylverstris |
| M. trilobata |
| M. tschonoskii |
Page 61: Gevuinas
Halloy, S., Grau, A., and McKenzie, B. 1996. Gevuina Nut (Gevuina avellana, Proteaceae), a cool climate alternative to Macadamia.
Economic Botany 50(2): 224-235.
Page 69: Karaka drawing. ‘Karaka, Corynocarpus laevigatus, leaves and berries’, from An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand, edited by A. H. McLintock, originally published in 1966.
Te Ara – the Encyclopedia of New Zealand, updated 13-Jul-12
URL: http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/1966/25879/karaka-corynocarpus-laevigatus-leaves-and-berries
